School bullying is a painful reality for many children, with sometimes severe consequences on their psychological, emotional, and academic well-being. As a parent, it is essential to know how to help your child respond appropriately to protect themselves and overcome these challenges.
Creating an Open Communication Environment
The first key step in helping your child manage school bullying is to establish an atmosphere of trust where they feel safe sharing their experiences. This is not only important for them, but it is crucial for you, as it is one of the few ways to stay informed about what they are going through.
Encourage them to talk about their school day, interactions with classmates, and be attentive to signs of distress, such as reluctance to go to school or mood changes. Helping them distinguish between positive interactions and problematic or toxic ones is essential. They need to recognize what is normal and what isn’t, even if they already feel something is wrong. Bringing it to their awareness is an important step.
Ask open-ended questions and listen actively. For example: "Is there anything at school that bothers you right now?" or "How are things going with the other kids?" It’s better to avoid an approach with a leading question that might push them into a situation that might not exist, just to probe, like: "Who is bothering you right now, and what are they doing?" This indirect approach can be problematic and does not establish a trusting environment.
It is crucial that your child knows they can speak freely about their concerns without fear of being judged or misunderstood.
Another important point is that children often hesitate to talk because they fear it will blow the situation out of proportion. In their minds, beyond their concern about how you might react, this could mean you talking to the principal, teachers, or supervisors, leading to a confrontation with their aggressors. They might worry about being labeled as a "snitch," which could exacerbate an already painful situation.
You must foster a dialogue that assures them they will be heard and supported without judgment. Emphasize that your role is to help and protect them, but you need their help to do so effectively by keeping you informed. While this might lead to some temporary complications, reassure them that it is a necessary step toward improving the situation. It’s also important that they understand that this is the only way to ensure that the situation changes and that the bullying stops. You can help them verbalize and consider different scenarios to visualize the various actions and possible consequences. Finally, ask them, "What could happen if we do nothing?" and "What can we expect if we take action?"
Teaching Assertiveness
One of the most effective ways to protect your child from bullying is to teach them to assert themselves. Assertiveness means clearly expressing boundaries without being aggressive. Encourage them to use confident body language and respond calmly but firmly to provocations. They need to appear strong, in control of their emotions, and not intimidated by others’ attempts to bully them. Simply ignoring the provocations and humiliations when they start isn’t enough to stop the process, which could end badly. They need to project an image and communicate appropriately.
Practicing scenarios at home can help prepare them for difficult situations. For example, if they are mocked, they might say, "Stop, I don’t like that," or "Leave me alone." They could follow up with: "Do you think you’re clever, huh?" or "Your threats don’t scare me," or even "I never give in to blackmail." These simple phrases can help them regain control of the situation. If these strategies don’t change anything, the trust and communication you’ve established will allow you to gauge the seriousness of the situation.
Identifying Sources of Support at School
It is crucial for your child to know they are not alone and that there are adults at school who can help. Make sure they know the right people to approach, such as a teacher, school counselor, or supervisor.
Sometimes, your child might tell you they don’t speak up because they believe the adults won’t do anything, possibly because they’ve heard stories or experienced injustices that lead them to think it’s pointless.
This is when you need to explain that how the adults handle the situation is beyond their control and not their responsibility. However, informing them puts the responsibility on the adults and prevents them from denying any knowledge of the issue later on. It’s also important to tell them that for these adults to understand the situation's evolution, they need to be continuously informed about everything that happens. Even if they don’t initially pay attention, they will likely act if the situation persists or becomes chronic.
Explain the importance of reporting any bullying incident immediately. Remind them that asking for help is not a weakness but a way to protect themselves and others. Ask them how they would feel if it happened to their best friends or someone they care about.
Strengthening Self-Esteem
Bullying can have devastating effects on your child’s self-esteem. To counter this, it is essential to regularly remind them of their qualities and achievements, linked to their ability to improve and make efforts to succeed. Encourage them to participate in extracurricular activities that they enjoy and where they can excel within another group of peers, whether it’s sports, arts, or any other passion.
These activities will help them build self-confidence and create a circle of friends with similar interests, strengthening their sense of belonging and security.
Implementing Avoidance Strategies
Sometimes, the best response to certain types of bullying is to avoid it. Teach your child to recognize potentially dangerous situations and avoid areas where they could be vulnerable, without dramatizing, such as deserted hallways or isolated bathrooms. Suggest they stay with friends during this time until the situation is resolved.
It’s also important for them to understand that not always responding to provocations and walking away can be an effective strategy to defuse the situation in some cases.
Confrontation Strategies
Beyond judgment and for the sake of thoroughness, I should also mention that some parents believe that life is a battle. They think their child needs to stand up to their aggressor and that this dynamic will toughen them up for life.
We are navigating the waters of "an eye for an eye," and I won’t discuss the pros and cons here because violence is not a solution in itself. However, sometimes, to survive against an aggressor, it’s undeniable that one must fight back and not allow themselves to become a passive victim.
However, it may be important to remind the child to show restraint in their response, only defending themselves and clearly asserting their boundaries when they are violated.
Maintaining Continuous Vigilance
Even after a bullying incident seems resolved, remain vigilant. Observe your child’s behavior to detect any signs of lingering distress, such as isolation or declining academic performance.
Continue to encourage open communication and reinforce the idea that you are there for them, no matter the problem.
Ask teachers to be vigilant, even though some schools might prefer to bury their heads in the sand. To counter this, the best solution is to talk about the problem as early as possible when it is still in its early stages. When the problem becomes very serious or could have legal consequences, institutions often try to cover it up or minimize it, sometimes taking actions that seem absurd in the face of the situation.
It’s important to act and talk about it as soon as the problem arises. It’s much easier to contain and resolve a situation that’s still in its early stages than one that has been ongoing for several months.